2. Signaling Pathways
  3. MAPK/ERK Pathway
  4. p38 MAPK

p38 MAPK

p38 MAPK

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The p38 MAPK family consists of highly conserved proline-directed serine-threonine protein kinases that are activated in response to a number many growth factors, cytokines, and chemotactic substances, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), PDGF, TNF, interleukins, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). It is well known that p38 is involved in inflammation, apoptosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell differentiation.

The p38 MAPK family is composed of four proteins: p38α (encoded by the gene Mapk14), p38β (Mapk11), p38γ (Mapk12), and p38δ (Mapk13). Their coding genes have a distinct tissue distribution and they appear differentially expressed, being Mapk14 the most highly expressed. p38 MAPKs are substrates for three MAP2K (MKK6, MKK3, and MKK4). The contribution of each of these MAP2K to p38 MAPKs activation depends on the stimulus and the cell type. The MAP3Ks that lead to p38 MAPKs activation are ASK1, DLK1, TAK1, TAO1, TAO2, TPL2, MLK3, MEKK3, MEKK4, and ZAK1.

p38 MAPK Isoform Specific Products:

p38 MAPK Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-W744953
    Carbimazole-d3
    		Inducer
    Carbimazole-d3 is deuterium labeled Carbimazole. Carbimazole is an orally active antithyroid agent which rapidly converts to Methimazole after absorption and prevents thyroid peroxidase enzyme from iodinating and coupling the tyrosine residues on thyroglobulin, hence reducing the production of thyroxine. Carbimazole also displays anti-inflammatory and neuronal-protective activities, suggesting its application for hyperthyroidism and neurological research.
    Carbimazole-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-16782R
    Pexmetinib (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Pexmetinib (Standard) is the analytical standard of Pexmetinib. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pexmetinib is a potent Tie-2 and p38 MAPK dual inhibitor, with IC50s of 1 nM, 35 nM and 26 nM for Tie-2, p38α and p38β, respectively, and can be used in the research of acute myeloid leukemia.
    Pexmetinib (Standard)
  • HY-10320R
    Doramapimod (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Doramapimod (Standard) is the analytical standard of Doramapimod. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Doramapimod (BIRB 796) is an orally active, highly potent p38 MAPK inhibitor, which has an IC50 for p38α=38 nM, for p38β=65 nM, for p38γ=200 nM, and for p38δ=520 nM. Doramapimod has picomolar affinity for p38 kinase (Kd=0.1 nM). Doramapimod also inhibits B-Raf with an IC50 of 83 nM.
    Doramapimod (Standard)
  • HY-10404A
    Dilmapimod tosylate
    		Inhibitor
    Dilmapimod tosylate is a potent p38 MAPK inhibitor that potentially suppresses inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
    Dilmapimod tosylate
  • HY-112291A
    SB 220025 (tri(hydrochloride))
    		Inhibitor
    SB 220025 trihydrochloride is a reversible, orally active, cell-permeable, ATP-competitive and selective human p38 MAPK inhibitor (IC50 = 60 nM). SB 220025 trihydrochloride also inhibits p56Lck and PKC with IC50 values of 3.5 and 2.89 μM, respectively. SB 220025 trihydrochloride inhibits the expression of IL-8 gene in response to globular adiponectin (gAd), reduces inflammatory cytokine production and inhibits angiogenesis. SB 220025 trihydrochloride effectively prevents the progression of arthritis in a chronic inflammatory disease model and can be used in the study of inflammation.
    SB 220025 (tri(hydrochloride))
  • HY-171295
    p38 Kinase inhibitor 7
    		Inhibitor
    p38 Kinase inhibitor 7 (Comp:XXXIX) is the inhibitor for p38α with an IC50 of 5.25 nM. p38 Kinase inhibitor 7 inhibits TNFα production in cell THP-1 with an IC50 of 5.88 nM.
    p38 Kinase inhibitor 7
  • HY-17007R
    Saquinavir (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Saquinavir (Standard) (Ro 31-8959 (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Saquinavir (HY-17007). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Saquinavir (Ro 31-8959) is an orally active HIV protease inhibitor that can be used in the research of AIDS. Saquinavir also has anti-inflammatory activity and can induce apoptosis of human red blood cells.
    Saquinavir (Standard)
  • HY-N0265R
    Asperosaponin VI (Standard)
    Asperosaponin VI (Standard) is the analytical standard of Asperosaponin VI. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Asperosaponin VI is a saponin component from Dipsacus asper. Asperosaponin VI induces osteoblast differentiation through the BMP-2/p38 and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Asperosaponin VI protects against hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by activating the PI3K/Akt and CREB pathways. Additionally, Asperosaponin VI also has antidepressant and wound-healing-promoting activities.
    Asperosaponin VI (Standard)
  • HY-N0022R
    Isoacteoside (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Isoacteoside (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isoacteoside. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isoacteoside is a natural product that can significantly inhibit the formation of glycation end products. Isoacteoside Standard regulates the AKT/PI3K/m-TOR/NF-κB signaling pathway, induces apoptosis in OVCAR-3 cell. Isoacteoside Standard exhibits antitumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity and neuroprotective activities.
    Isoacteoside (Standard)
  • HY-N2192R
    Swertianolin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Swertianolin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Swertianolin (HY-N2192). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Swertianolin is a xanthone glycoside. Swertianolin can be isolated from plants of the Gentianaceae family (e.g., Gentiana campestris and Swertia punicea). Swertianolin inhibits p38 phosphorylation and NF-κB activation, and reduces NO and ROS production. Swertianolin exhibits anti-Helicobacter pylori activity with an IC50 of 6.1 μM and a minimum bactericidal concentration of 91.7 μM. Swertianolin modulates immune function in sepsis. Swertianolin is useful in the research of diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, hepatitis B, Helicobacter pylori infection, and sepsis.
    Swertianolin (Standard)
  • HY-124260
    SB-204900
    		Inhibitor
    SB-204900 is an oxane carboxamide that can be isolated from the hexane extract of Clausena lansium. SB-204900 significantly inhibited phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. SB-204900 has anti-inflammatory activity.
    SB-204900
  • HY-N9914S
    D-Psicose-d
    		Inhibitor 99.9%
    D-Psicose-d is the deuterium labeled D-Psicose (HY-N9914). D-psicose is an orally active rare sugar. D-psicose inhibits p38-MAPK phosphorylation and MCP-1 expression. D-psicose inhibits the AGEs/RAGE/NF-κB pathway. D-psicose protects pancreatic β-islets, improves hyperglycemia and high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
    D-Psicose-d
  • HY-19399A
    (±)-Iroxanadine
    		Activator
    (±)-Iroxanadine (BRX 005; BRX 235), a vasculoprotector, is a p38 kinase and HSP protein activator. (±)-Iroxanadine has the potential for atherosclerosis and vascular diseases research.
    (±)-Iroxanadine
  • HY-10021R
    Varenicline Tartrate (Standard)
    		Activator
    Varenicline (Tartrate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Varenicline (Tartrate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Varenicline (CP 526555) is an orally active partial agonist of α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α4β2 nAChR, IC50 = 250 nM), which is the principal mediator of nicotine dependence. Varenicline is also a partial agonist of α6β2 nAChR and a full agonist of α6β2 nAChR. Varenicline blocks the direct agonist effects of nicotine on nAChR while stimulates nAChR in a more moderate way, being widely used as an aid of smoking cessation.
    Varenicline Tartrate (Standard)
  • HY-15495B
    (3S)-Tanzisertib hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor
    (3S)-Tanzisertib (hydrochloride) ((3S)-CC-930 (hydrochloride)) is an orally active JNK inhibitor (IC50 values for JNK1, JNK2, and JNK3 are 61, 7, and 6 nM, respectively). (3S)-Tanzisertib (hydrochloride) selectively inhibits ERK1, p38α, and EGFR (IC50 = 0.48, 3.4, and 0.38 μM, respectively). (3S)-Tanzisertib (hydrochloride) inhibits LPS-induced TNFα production in an acute rat PK-PD model. (3S)-Tanzisertib (hydrochloride) can be used in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) research.
    (3S)-Tanzisertib hydrochloride
  • HY-B0612AR
    Lercanidipine hydrochloride (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Lercanidipine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lercanidipine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lercanidipine is a third-generation, lipophilic, brain-penetrant, vascular-selective and orally active dihydropyridine-calcium channel blocker with a pIC50 of 7.74 (converts from μM). Lercanidipine has long lasting antihypertensive action as well as reno- and neuro-protective effect. Lercanidipine also shows anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. Lercanidipine can be used in cardiovascular and neurological research.
    Lercanidipine hydrochloride (Standard)
  • HY-N9388R
    Andrograpanin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Andrograpanin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Andrograpanin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Andrograpanin, a bioactive compound from Andrographis paniculata, exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-infectious properties.
    Andrograpanin (Standard)
  • HY-160930
    TOP1288
    		Inhibitor
    TOP1288 is a narrow spectrum kinase inhibitor for P38α, Src and Syk kinase, with IC50 of 116nM, 24nM and 659nM, respectively. TOP1288 inhibits inflammatory cytokine release from inflamed biopsies and myofibroblasts.
    TOP1288
  • HY-10404R
    Dilmapimod (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Dilmapimod (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dilmapimod. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dilmapimod (SB-681323) is a potent p38 MAPK inhibitor that potentially suppresses inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
    Dilmapimod (Standard)
  • HY-175862
    ALR2-IN-9
    		Inducer
    ALR2-IN-9 is a potent ALR2 inhibitor (IC50 = 21.8 nM) with excellent antioxidant activity (EC50 for DPPH radical scavenging = 2.8 μM). ALR2-IN-9 interacts directly with Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)/Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) and interrupts the free radical chain reactions, and as an endogenous enzymatic antioxidant regulator, which regulates enzyme functions of CAT and SOD. ALR2-IN-9 regulates PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway to attenuate hyperglycemia-mediated mitochondrial superoxide overproduction in vitro, and ameliorates CuSO4- and H2O2-induced oxidative stress in vivo. ALR2-IN-9 prolongs lifespan of C. elegans via the regulation of stress response genes such as PMK-1. ALR2-IN-9 is a promising anti-aging drug candidate. ALR2-IN-9 can be used for diabetic complication research.
    ALR2-IN-9
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
p38 MAPK Isoform Comparison

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